老年病毒性腹泻的发病情况调查

Investigation of Virus Diarrhea Incidence in the Elderly

中文关键词: 老年  轮状病毒  诺如病毒  临床特征

英文关键词: elderly  rotavirus  norovirus  clinical features

中文摘要:

      目的 观察老年腹泻患者的病毒监测结果和临床特征,为制定有针对性的预防和控制措施提供依据.方法 选择2016年1月1日-12月31日北京市和平里医院感染疾病科以腹泻等消化道症状为主诉就诊肠道门诊病例,每月随机抽取10例老年患者,采集粪便标本进行病毒检测.结果 老年腹泻共计120例,其中轮状病毒阳性患者6例,诺如病毒阳性患者13例.病毒阳性病例数呈现2个高峰,2～4月份为大高峰,9～12月份为小高峰,其中4月份最多.诺如病毒阳性患者(设为诺如病毒阳性组)较轮状病毒阳性患者(设为轮状病毒阳性组)易出现腹痛症状(P＜0.05),2组其他症状如腹泻、恶心呕吐和发热等无明显差异(P＞0.05).诺如病毒阳性组末梢血血常规白细胞多升高,轮状病毒阳性组血白细胞正常或降低(P＜0.05),而2组中性粒细胞比例和淋巴细胞比例的变化无显著差异(P＞0.05).2组便常规镜检红细胞和白细胞差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 和平里社区老年腹泻患者中诺如病毒感染机率稍多于轮状病毒;不同感染类别呈现不同的临床特点.

英文摘要:

      Objective To observe the results of surveillance and the clinical features of diarrhea in the elderly so as to provide basis for making out specific measures for prevention and control.Methods From Jan.1,2016 to Dec.31,2016,every month,10 elderly cases with diarrhea were randomly selected from Infectious Diseases Clinic ofBeijing Hepingli Hospital and fecal specimens were collected for virus detection.Results In total,120 elderly cases with diarrhea were selected,including 6 cases of positive rotavirus and 13 cases of positive norovirus;there were 2 number peaks of positive virus cases,the bigger peak was in the period from Feb.to April while the smaller peak was in the period from Nov.to Dec.,the biggest peak was in April;cases of positive norovirus (norovirus positive group) were more likely to have the symptoms of abdominal pain than the cases of positve rotavirus (rotavirus positive group) (P ＜ 0.05);no obvious difference in other symptoms such as diarrhea,nausea,vomiting and fever was found between the 2 groups (P＞0.05);the white blood cells in peripheral blood of the cases in norovirus positive group increased while those of the cases in rotavirus positive group kept normal or decreased (P＜0.05);no statistical differences in other symptoms and laboratory tests were observed between the 2 groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The incidence of norovirus infection is slightly higher than that of rotavirus in the elderly with diarrhea in Hepingli community;different infections are of different clinical features..