老年妇女绝经后出血的病因及相关因素分析

Etiology and Related Factors of Postmenopausal Bleeding in Elderly Women

中文关键词: 老年  绝经后出血  病因  相关因素

英文关键词: elderly  postmenopausal bleeding  etiology  related factor

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨老年妇女绝经后出血的病因及相关因素.方法 选取江苏大学附属医院妇科2014年1月-2016年12月收治的223例老年妇女绝经后出血患者,对其病历资料进行查阅,对其年龄、临床症状和体征、术前检查和诊断、治疗和临床病理参数等进行统计分析.结果 223例患者中,子宫内膜增生99例,占总数的44.4％,子宫颈炎56例,占总数的25.1％;子宫内膜炎20例,子宫内膜癌17例,子宫颈癌16例,分别占总数的9.0％、7.6％,7.2％;癌前病变7例,占总数的3.1％;子宫内膜息肉6例,子宫黏膜下肌瘤2例,分别占总数的2.7％、0.9％;随着绝经后年龄的增加,良性病变发生率逐渐降低(P＜0.05),恶性肿瘤发生率逐渐提升(P＜0.05),但癌前病变发生率变化不显著(P＞0.05).结论 老年妇女绝经后出血的病因主要为子宫内膜增生,其次为子宫颈炎,子宫内膜炎、子宫内膜癌和子宫颈癌等,恶性肿瘤发生率随着绝经后年龄的增加而提升,值得临床充分重视.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the causes and related factors of postmenopausal bleeding in elderly women.Methods 223 elderly women with postmenopausal bleeding hospitalized during the period from Jan.,2014 to Dec.,2016 were selected and the case data were reviewed;statistical analysis was made to the age,clinical symptoms and body signs,preoperative examinations and diagnosis,treatment and clinical pathological data.Results Out of the 223 cases,endometrial hyperplasia was found in 99 cases (44.4％),cervicitis in 56 cases (25.1％),endometritis in 20 cases (9.0％),endometrial carcinoma in 17 cases (7.6％),cervical cancer in 16 cases (7.2％),precancerous lesion in 7 cases (3.1％),endometrial polyps in 6 cases (2.7％),submucosal myoma of uterus in 2 cases (0.9％);with the time going after menopause,the incidence of benign lesions kept dropping (P＜0.05) while the incidence of malignant tumors kept increasing gradually (P＜0.05),but no obvious change was found in the incidence of CIN (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Endometrial hyperplasia is the main cause of postmenopausal bleeding in elderly women,and the other causes include cervicitis,endometritis,endometrial cancer and cervical cancer;the incidence of malignant tumors increases along with the time going after menopause,more attention should be paid in clinic.