综合医疗干预在老年心脑血管疾病患者治疗中的临床观察

Clinical observation of comprehensive medical intervention in the treatment of elderly patients with cardiovascular and cere-brovascular diseases

中文关键词: 老年  心脑血管疾病  综合医疗干预  营养状况  心境状态  生活质量

英文关键词: elderly  cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease  comprehensive medical intervention  nutritional status  mood state  quality of life

中文摘要:

      目的 观察综合医疗干预在老年心脑血管疾病患者治疗中的效果,为治疗该疾病提供方法.方法 选取2022 年3 月—2023 年2 月在四川绵阳四〇四医院治疗的老年心脑血管患者120 例,采用数字表法随机分为2 组:观察组和对照组,每组60 例.2 组在采取相同的治疗方法的基础上,观察组采取院内综合医疗干预措施,对照组采取院内常规干预措施.2 组均持续干预2 个月.干预前后,测定并比较2 组人体质量指数(BMI)、三头肌皮褶厚度(TSF)及各项血脂指标,比较2 组营养状况;采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估并比较2 组焦虑和抑郁程度;分别采用自我和谐量表(SCCS)、应对方式问卷(CSQ)评估并比较2 组自我和谐情况及疾病应对能力;采用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOL-74)评估并比较2 组的生活质量.结果 干预后,观察组BMI、TSF均高于干预前及对照组(P＜0.05);观察组总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平均低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于干预前及对照组(P＜0.05);观察组自我刻板性评分、自我与经验不和谐等SCCS各维度评分均高于对照组(P＜0.05),自我灵活性评分低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组成熟应对及混合应对各维度评分均高于对照组(P＜0.05),不成熟应对各维度评分低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组GQOL-74 各维度评分均高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 实施综合医疗干预可有效提高老年心脑血管疾病患者营养状况,改善其焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,提高患者对疾病的应对能力及生活质量,具有一定的临床应用价值.

英文摘要:

      Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive medical intervention in the treatment of elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and provide a method for the treatment of this disease. Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases treated in Mianyang Hospital 404 between March 2022 and February 2023 were enrolled. According to random number table method, they were randomly divided into two groups: obser? vation group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. On the basis of the same treatment method, the observation group received the comprehensive nosocomial medical intervention, and the control group received the routine nosocomial interven? tion. Both groups were continuously intervened for 2 months. Before and after intervention, body mass index (BMI), triceps skin fold thickness (TSF), blood lipid indexes and nutritional status of the two groups were measured and compared; Self?Rat? ing Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self?Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate and compare the degree of anxiety and depression of the two groups; Self?concordance Scale (SCCS) and Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ) were used to evalu? ate and compare the self?harmony and coping ability of the two groups, respectively; Generic Quality of Life Inventory?74 (GQOL?74) was used to assess and compare the quality of life of the two groups. Results After intervention, the BMI and TSF in the observation group were higher than those before intervention and in the control group (P <0. 05); the levels of total choles? terol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0. 05); the scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those before intervention and in the con? trol group (P <0. 05); the scores of various dimensions of SCCS, such as self?stereotyping, self?experience disharmony and etc. in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0. 05), and the score of self?flexibility was lower thanthat in the control group (P <0. 05); the scores of mature coping and mixed coping dimensions in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0. 05), while the score of immature coping dimensions was lower than that in the con? trol group (P <0. 05); GQOL?74 scores in all dimensions in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0. 05). Conclusion The implementation of comprehensive medical intervention can effectively improve nutritional status of elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, relieve their anxiety, depression and other negative emotions, enhance their ability to cope with diseases and improve their quality of life, which has certain clinical application value.