老年冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后限钠饮食管理水平及其影响因素分析

Analysis of level of sodium-restricted diet management and its influencing factors in elderly patients with coronary heart dis-ease after percutaneous coronary intervention

中文关键词: 老年  冠心病  经皮冠状动脉介入治疗  用药依从性  限钠饮食管理  影响因素

英文关键词: elderly  coronary heart disease  percutaneous coronary intervention  medication compliance  sodium-re-stricted diet management  influencing factor

中文摘要:

      目的 调查老年冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后限钠饮食管理水平,并分析其影响因素.方法 使用便利抽样法,选取2020 年3 月—2022 年9 月在南京市胸科医院回院复查的150 例老年冠心病PCI术后患者进行研究.分别使用一般资料调查量表、汉密尔顿焦虑自评量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁自评量表(HAMD)、家庭支持评定量表(PSS-Fa)、Morisky药物依从性量表(MMAS-8)、限钠饮食问卷(DSRQ)评估患者的一般资料情况、心理状态、家庭支持、用药依从性、限钠饮食管理水平.按照DRSQ得分将患者分为高分组(得分≥平均值,n =84)和低分组(得分＜平均值,n =66),比较2 组的一般资料、HAMA评分、HAMD评分、PSS-Fa评分、MMAS-8 评分;应用二元多因素Logistic回归方法,分析老年冠心病患者PCI术后限钠饮食管理水平的影响因素.结果 2 组性别、年龄、病程、文化水平、家庭人均收入水平、婚姻状态、基础疾病情况、饮酒史、吸烟史、心理状态评估值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);2 组居住情况、有无限钠饮食管理处方、家庭支持水平、用药依从性评估值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);二元多因素Logistic回归分析发现,无限钠饮食管理处方、PSS-Fa评分＜11 分、MMAS-8 评分＜6 分是导致老年冠心病PCI术后患者限钠饮食管理水平较低的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 老年冠心病PCI术后患者用药依从性、限钠饮食管理水平一般,可通过开具限钠饮食管理处方、开展健康教育等措施,有助于提高患者限钠饮食管理水平.

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the level of sodium-restricted diet management in elderly patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and analyze its influencing factors.Methods According to con-venience sampling method,150 elderly patients with coronary heart disease after PCI who underwent re-examination in Chest Hospital of Nanjing City from March 2020 to September 2022 were selected.The general information,psychological status,family support,medication compliance and level of sodium-restricted diet management of patients were evaluated by the general data questionnaire,Hamilton Anxiety Self-Rating Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Self-Rating Scale(HAMD),Personal Support Scale From Family(PSS-Fa),Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS-8),and Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire(DSRQ),respectively.According to DRSQ scores,the patients were divided into high score group(score≥mean,n =84)and low score group(score＜mean,n =66).The general information,HAMA score,HAMD score,PSS-Fa score and MMAS-8 score were compared between the two groups.Binary multivariate Logistic regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of the level of sodium-restricted diet management in elderly patients with coronary heart disease after PCI.Results There was no significant difference in gender,age,course of disease,education level,family per capita income,marital status,underlying diseases,drinking history,smoking history and psychological status between the two groups(P＞0.05),but there were statistically significant differences in living conditions,sodium-restricted diet management prescrip-tion,family support level and medication compliance between the two groups(P＜0.05).Binary multivariate logistic regres-sion analysis found that non-sodium-restricted diet management prescription,PSS-Fa score＜11,and MMAS-8 score＜6 were independent risk factors(P＜0.05)leading to low level of sodium-restricted diet management in elderly patients with coronary heart disease after PCI(P＜0.05).Conclusion The medication compliance and level of sodium-restricted diet management is general in elderly patients with coronary heart disease after PCI.Measures such as prescribing sodium-restricted diet manage-ment and carrying out health education is helpful to improve the level of sodium-restricted diet management in patients.