不同平衡功能量表在老年综合评估中的应用

Application of different balance function scales in comprehensive assessment of elderly patients

中文关键词: 老年  老年综合评估  平衡量表  跌倒风险  预防跌倒

英文关键词: elderly  comprehensive assessment  balance scale  fall risk  fall prevention

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨老年综合评估中3 种不同平衡功能量表对老年科住院患者初步实施的效果分析.方法 选择2022年7 月-2023 年6 月在复旦大学附属华东医院老年科接受治疗的住院患者191 例进行评估,平均年龄为(86.1±7.6)岁,将患者划分为4 个年龄段,其中60 岁～,8 例、70 岁～,36 例、80 岁～,96 例、90 岁～,51 例.分别采用Morse跌倒量表、Tinetti平衡步态量表、Berg平衡量表对老年患者进行评估.分别采用Pearson相关系数、独立样本t检验和方差分析对评估结果进行分析.结果 对于60 岁以上的老年患者Morse跌倒评估量表、Tinetti平衡步态量表和Berg平衡量表提示,发生中高度跌倒风险的可能性分别为100%、38.2%和28.3%,且3 种评估量表之间的相关系数分别为0.586、0.539和0.586,存在显著相关性;相关因素分析显示,性别因素在3 种量表的评估结果中差异无统计学意义;年龄是引发老年患者跌倒的重要因素,在Morse跌倒量表评估中差异无统计学意义(P =0.08),而在Tinetti平衡步态量表、Berg平衡量差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001),且年龄越大,跌倒风险越高.结论 本研究结果显示Morse跌倒量表的敏感性高,特异性较差;而Tinetti评估量表和Berg平衡量表的敏感性较低,特异性较好,且随着年龄的增加,特异性越好.因此在临床应用中,可针对不同年龄段的患者合理选择跌倒风险评估量表.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the preliminary implementation effects of three different balance function scales in the comprehensive assessment of the elderly inpatients in the geriatric department.Method 191 inpatients who received treatment in Department of Geriatrology of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected for assessment,with an average age of(86.1±7.6)years.They were divided into 4 age groups,including 8 cases in the 60～year old group,36 ones in the 70～year old group,96 ones in the 80～year old group,and 51 ones in the 90～year old group.The Morse Fall Scale,Tinetti Balance Gait Scale and Berg Balance Scale were used to assess these elderly patients,re-spectively.Pearson correlation coefficient,independent sample t test and analysis of variance were used to analyze the assess-ment results.Results The assessment results of the Morse Fall Assessment Scale,Tinetti Balance Gait Scale,and Berg Bal-ance Scale indicated that the likelihood of moderate to high risk of fall in elderly patients over 60 years old was 100%,38.2%,and 28.3%,respectively.The correlation coefficients among the three assessment scales were 0.586,0.539 and 0.586,which indicating that there were significant correlations among the three assessment scales.The analysis of related factors showed that there was no significant difference in gender factors among the three assessment results of the three scales.Age was an impor-tant factor that caused fall in elderly patients,but there was no significant difference in the assessment results of Morse Fall Scale(P =0.08).However,there were significant differences in assessment results of Tinetti Balance Gait Scale and Berg Balance Scale(P＜0.001),and the older the age,the higher the risk of fall.Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the Morse Fall Scale has high sensitivity and poor specificity.The Tinetti Balance Gait Scale and Berg Balance Scale have lower sensitivity and better specificity,and the specificity is better with the increase of age.Therefore,the fall risk assessment scale should be reasonably selected for patients of different ages in clinical application.