老年胆囊结石患者术后结石复发与疾病认知及饮食构成的关系研究

A study on relationship between postoperative stone recurrence and disease cognition and dietary composition in elderly pa-tients with gallstones

中文关键词: 老年  胆囊结石  疾病认知  饮食构成  复发

英文关键词: elderly  cholecystolithiasis  disease cognition  dietary composition  recurrence

中文摘要:

      目的 调查老年胆囊结石术后患者疾病认知、饮食构成情况,并分析其与术后结石复发的关系,为提高其诊治和护理质量提供依据.方法 回顾性分析2020 年5 月—2022 年9 月于南京医科大学第一附属医院接受外科手术治疗200例老年胆囊结石患者的临床资料,统计术后1 年内结石复发情况,并根据复发与否分为复发组和未复发组.通过调查问卷了解患者出院后疾病认知、饮食构成情况,分析结石复发与患者疾病认知程度、饮食构成的关系.结果 200 例患者术后1 年内结石复发者29 例,复发率为14.50%;复发组各认知项目知晓率显著低于未复发组(P＜0.05);复发组盐类、油类、奶及奶制品、畜禽肉每日摄入量均明显高于未复发组(P＜0.05),而水产品、蔬菜类、水果类、谷薯类、水每日摄入量明显低于未复发组(P＜0.05).结论 老年胆囊结石术后患者可能存在疾病认知程度较低,饮食构成不合理现象突出,且其与结石复发密切相关,临床诊治和护理应改善患者疾病认知、饮食构成,以防治结石复发.

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the disease cognition and dietary composition in elderly patients after cholecystoli-thiasis surgery and analyze their relationship with postoperative recurrence,so as to provide a basis for improving diagnosis,treatment and nursing quality.Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with cholecystolithiasis who underwent surgical treat-ment in First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2020 to September 2022 were analyzed retrospective-ly.The stone recurrence rate within 1 year after surgery was calculated.They were divided into recurrence group and non-recur-rence group according to with or without recurrence.The disease cognition and dietary composition of patients after discharge were investigated by means of questionnaires.The relationship between stone recurrence and disease cognition and dietary com-position of patients was analyzed.Results Among 200 patients,there were 29 cases with stone recurrence within 1 year after surgery,with a recurrence rate of 14.50%.The awareness rate of each cognitive item of the recurrence group was significantly lower than that of the non-recurrence group(P＜0.05).The daily intake of salt,oil,milk and dairy products,and livestock and poultry meat of the recurrent group was significantly higher than that of the non-recurrent group(P＜0.05),while the dai-ly intake of aquatic products,vegetables,fruits,grains and potatoes,and water was significantly lower than that of the non-re-current group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with cholecystolithiasis after surgery may have prominent phenomenon of low degree of disease cognition and unreasonable dietary composition,which is closely related to postoperative stone recur-rence.Clinical diagnosis,treatment,and nursing should improve patients'disease cognition and dietary composition to prevent the recurrence of stones.