上海市黄浦区老年人轻度认知障碍影响因素研究

A study on influencing factors for mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in Huangpu District,Shanghai

中文关键词: 社区  老年人轻度认知障碍  患病率  横断面调查  影响因素

英文关键词: community  mild cognitive impairment in the elderly  prevalence rate  cross-sectional survey  influencing factor

中文摘要:

      目的 对上海市黄浦区老年人群轻度认知障碍的患病情况、影响因素进行调查,旨在探索黄浦区60 岁及以上老年人轻度认知障碍的相关因素,寻找可以改变的影响因素,为轻度认知障碍(MCI)的早期防治等提供科学依据.方法 于2023 年1 月—2023 年7 月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取上海市黄浦区 60 周岁及以上常住人口进行问卷调查,使用 MoCA-B量表进行认知功能评价.采用单因素和多因素二分类Logistic 回归分析60 岁及以上老年人群患MCI的影响因素.结果 802 例被调查老年居民,MCI患病率31.80%.Logistic 回归分析结果显示:高文化程度、经常饮茶、体育锻炼,为老年人群患MCI的独立保护因素;年龄大、脑卒中、高血压、独居是MCI 的独立危险因素.结论 黄浦区社区老年MCI患病率较高.一方面对高龄、文化程度低的人群和特定的患病人群(高血压、脑卒中),制定个性化干预模式,建议临床医护、家庭和社区密切配合;另一方面为社区内老年人提供早期的认知训练和健康促进活动,积极参加体育锻炼,鼓励老年人参加社交活动.

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors for mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in the elderly in Huangpu District,Shanghai,in order to explore the related factors of MCI in the elderly aged 60 years and above,and find the influencing factors that can be changed,so as to provide scientific basis for the early prevention and treatment of MCI.Methods From January 2023 to July 2023,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to se-lect the permanent residents aged 60 and above in Huangpu District of Shanghai for questionnaire survey.MoCA-B scale was used to evaluate their cognitive function.Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to analyze the influen-cing factors for MCI in the elderly aged 60 and above.Results 802 elderly residents were surveyed,with a MCI prevalence rate of 31.80%.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that high education level,frequent tea drinking and physical exercise were independent protective factors for MCI in the elderly population,whileolder age,stroke,hypertension,and living alone were independent risk factors for MCI.Conclusion The prevalence of MCI was higher in the elderly in Huangpu Dis-trict.On the one hand,personalized intervention models should be developed for the elderly,low educated individuals,and spe-cific affected populations(hypertension and stroke),and it is recommended that clinical medical staff,families,and communi-ties cooperate closely.On the other hand,early cognitive training and health promotion activities should be provided to the eld-erly in the community,and they should be encouraged to actively participate in physical exercise and social activities.