老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺康复现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status of pulmonary rehabilitation and its influencing factors in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

中文关键词: 老年  慢性阻塞性肺疾病  肺康复  现状调查  影响因素

英文关键词: elderly  chronic obstructive pulmonary disease  pulmonary rehabilitation  investigation of current status  in-fluencing factor

中文摘要:

      目的 分析老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺康复现状及其影响因素.方法 采用简单随机抽样法,抽取2022年1月—2023年1月于淮安市第一人民医院诊治的老年COPD患者98例,进行问卷调查、肺功能检测,根据患者肺康完成情况分为依从组和不依从组.采用单因素分析及Logistic回归方法分析患者肺康复的影响因素.结果 调查结果显示,康复周期3～8周为57例(57/98,58.16％).康复类型以有氧运动为主,占34例(34/98,34.69％).肺康复频率"每周＜3次及无规律"者62例(62/98,63.27％).每次累积时间"无规律或＜10 min者"49例(49/98,50％),肺康复强度"无规律"者46例(46/98,46.94％).同时接受健康教育者38例(38/98,38.78％).将完成肺康复训练者(占比≥40％)38例(38/98,38.78％),未完成者(占比＜40％)60例(60/98,61.22％),分别纳入依从组(n=38)和不依从组(n=60).2组住院次数、文化程度、主要照顾者、肺康复认知评分及COPD认知水平差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic回归分析显示,初次住院、文化程度低、无家庭照护、肺康复认知水平低、COPD认知水平低及FTND≥6分是老年COPD患者肺康复独立危险因素.结论 当前老年COPD患者肺康复情况存在康复训练单一、康复完成度不足的情况;初次住院、文化程度低、无家庭照护、肺康复认知水平低、COPD认知水平低及FTND≥6分可能是老年COPD患者肺康复的独立危险因素.

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the current status of pulmonary rehabilitation and its influencing factors in elderly pa-tients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods According to simple random sampling method,98 elder-ly COPD patients diagnosed and treated in First People's Hospital of Huai'an City from January 2022 to January 2023 were se-lected.They received questionnaires survey and lung function tests.They were divided into compliance group and non-compli-ance group according to the completion of pulmonary rehabilitation.The influencing factors of pulmonary rehabilitation were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis.Results The survey results showed that 57 cases(57/98,58.16％)had a rehabilitation period of 3-8 weeks.The rehabilitation type was mainly aerobic exercise,accounting for 34 cases(34/98,34.69％).The frequency of pulmonary rehabilitation was＜3 times per week and irregular in 62 cases(62/98,63.27％).The cumulative time of 49 cases was"irregular or＜10 minutes"(49/98,50％).The intensity of pulmonary reha-bilitation was irregular in 46 cases(46/98,46.94％).38 cases(38/98,38.78％)received health education simultaneously.38 cases(38/98,38.78％)who completed pulmonary rehabilitation training(accounting for ≥40％)and 60 cases(60/98,61.22％)who did not complete the training(accounting for＜40％)were included in compliance group(n=38)and non-compliance group(n=60),respectively.There were significant differences in hospitalization frequency,education level,main caregivers,scores of pulmonary rehabilitation cognition and COPD cognition level between the two groups(P＜0.05).Logis-tic regression analysis showed that the first hospitalization,low educational level,lack of family care,low cognitive level of pulmonary rehabilitation,low cognitive level of COPD,and FTND ≥ 6 were independent risk factors for pulmonary rehabilita-tion in elderly COPD patients.Conclusion At present,the pulmonary rehabilitation of elderly COPD patients is characterized by simple rehabilitation training method and insufficient completion of rehabilitation.The first hospitalization,low educational level,lack of family care,low cognitive levels of pulmonary rehabilitation and COPD,and FTND ≥ 6 were independent risk factors for pulmonary rehabilitation in elderly COPD patients.