基于前馈控制的精准营养干预对老年结肠癌患者术后胃肠功能及营养状态的影响

Effects of precise nutrition intervention based on feedforward control on postoperative gastrointestinal function and nutritional status in elderly patients with colon cancer

中文关键词: 老年  结肠癌  前馈控制  营养状态  胃肠功能

英文关键词: elderly  colon cancer  feedforward control  nutritional status  gastrointestinal function

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨基于前馈控制的精准营养干预对老年结肠癌患者术后胃肠功能及营养状态的影响,为治疗该病症提供方法.方法 纳入2022年12月-2023年12月在滨州医学院烟台附属医院进行结肠癌手术的90例老年患者,按照营养干预方法的不同分为干预组(n=50)和常规组(n=40). 2组在相同常规治疗的基础上,常规组行术后常规护理干预,干预组在行术后常规护理的同时加用基于前馈控制的精准营养干预.对比2组胃肠功能(肠鸣音恢复时间、排气时间、排便时间、进流食时间)、营养状态[主观综合性营养评估(SGA评分)、人体质量指数(BMI)、白蛋白水平、前白蛋白水平]、3个月后随访的2组患者生活质量(QOL评分)、护理满意度、住院时长、住院费用.结果 干预后,干预组术后肠鸣音恢复时间、排气时间、排便时间、进流食时间、住院时长、住院费用均少于常规组(P＜0.05);干预组SGA评分低于常规组,白蛋白、前白蛋白水平高于常规组(均P＜0.05);3个月后2组各维度QOL评分均高于同组干预前,干预组各维度QOL评分均高于常规组(均P＜0.05);干预组护理满意率高于常规组(90.00％vs 72.50％,P＜0.05);干预组住院时长、住院费用均少于常规组(P＜0.05).结论 对老年结肠癌患者术后行基于前馈控制的精准营养干预,可有效促进患者肠道蠕动,改善胃肠功能及营养状态,提高生活质量,具有一定的临床应用价值.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the effects of precise nutrition intervention based on feedforward control on postopera-tive gastrointestinal function and nutritional status in elderly patients with colon cancer,and provide a treatment method for the disease.Methods A total of 90 elderly patients undergoing colon cancer surgery in Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Med-ical College were enrolled between December 2022 and December 2023.According to different nutritional intervention method,they were divided into routine group(40 cases)and intervention group(50 cases).On the basis of the same routine treatment,the routine group received postoperative routine nursing intervention,and the intervention group received postoperative routine nursing combined with precision nutrition intervention based on feedforward control.The gastrointestinal function(recovery time of bowel sound,exhaust time,defecation time,intake time of liquid food),nutritional status[Subjective Global Assess-ment(SGA)score,body mass index(BMI),albumin level,prealbumin level],quality of life(QOL score)at follow-up 3 months,nursing satisfaction,and length of hospital stay,hospitalization cost were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,recovery time of bowel sound,exhaust time,defecation time,intake time of liquid food of the in-tervention group were shorter than those of the routine group(P＜0.05),the length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost of the intervention group were shorter or less than those of the routine group(P＜0.05),SGA score of the intervention group was lower than that of the routine group,and the levels of albumin and prealbumin were higher than those of the routine group(P＜0.05).After 3 months,the scores of each dimension of QOL of both groups were higher than those of the same group before intervention,and the intervention group was higher than the routine group(all P＜0.05).The nursing satisfaction rate of the intervention group was higher than that of the routine group(90.00％vs 72.50％,P＜0.05).The length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost of the intervention group were shorter than those of the routine group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Precision nutrition intervention based on feedforward control can effectively promote intestinal peristalsis,improve gastrointestinal func-tion and nutritional status,and improve quality of life of elderly patients with colon cancer after surgery,which has certain clin-ical application value.