上海社区居家老年人认知功能障碍现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on current status of cognitive dysfunction among community dwelling elderly people in Shanghai and analysis of its influencing factors

中文关键词: 老年  认知功能  影响因素  社区

英文关键词: elderly  cognitive function  influencing factor  community

中文摘要:

      目的 了解上海社区居家老年人的认知功能障碍流行水平,分析相关影响因素,为开展老年人群认知障碍干预工作提供循证依据.方法 运用多阶段随机抽样方法,对上海市60岁及以上的5 123名社区居家常住老人的基本情况及认知功能进行问卷调查.认知功能评估采用简易智力状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE).采用非平行广义有序Logit归模型开展单因素及多因素分析.结果 纳入调查老人平均年龄为(71.5±7.3)岁;认知障碍阳性率为40.54％(95％CI:36.49％～44.60％);高龄(80岁及以上)、很少锻炼是认知障碍的危险因素,高学历、退休前从事脑力劳动职业、未患糖尿病和神经系统疾病是认知障碍的保护因素.结论 老龄认知障碍已成为上海市的主要公共卫生问题,应基于循证研究建立针对多因素的综合干预策略.

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction among the community dwelling elderly people in Shanghai,and analyze its related influencing factors,so as to provide evidence-based support for the intervention of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly population.Methods Based on a multi-stage random sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted.The basic information and cognitive function of 5 123 community elderly residents aged 60 and above in Shanghai were investigated.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used to assess the cognitive function.The non-parallel generalized ordered Logit regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The average age of the elderly included in this survey was(71.5±7.3)years old.The positive rate of cognitive dysfunction was 40.54％(95％CI:36.49％-44.60％).Advanced age(80 years and above)and lower frequency of exercises were risk factors for cog-nitive dysfunction,while high educational level,occupation career of mental labor before retirement,without diabetes and nervous system diseases were protective factors for cognitive dysfunction.Conclusion Aging cognitive dysfunction has be-come a major public health problem in Shanghai,and comprehensive intervention strategies targeting multiple factors should be established based on relevant evidence-based research.