关键点控制原理的健康宣教对老年急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠脉介入术后康复的影响

Effects of health education based on key point control principles on rehabilitation of elderly patients with AMI after PCI

中文关键词: 老年  急性心肌梗死  关键点控制原理的健康宣教  经皮冠脉介入术  睡眠质量  负面情绪  希望水平

英文关键词: elderly  acute myocardial infarction  health education based on key point control principle  percutaneous coronary intervention  sleep quality  negative emotion  hope level

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨采用关键点控制原理的健康宣教对老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)术后康复的影响,为治疗该病症提供方法.方法 选取2022年1月-2023年4月亳州市人民医院收治的老年AMI接受PCI术患者120例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组60例.对照组实施常规护理健康宣教,观察组采用关键点控制原理的健康宣教.观察并比较2组干预前、术后3个月、术后12个月的睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估]、负面情绪[采用正负性情绪量表(PANAS)评估]、希望水平[采用中文版Herth希望量表(HHI)评估]及护理满意度.患者出院后随访1年,观察并比较2组出院后不良事件发生情况及AMI高危因素控制达标率.结果 干预前、术后12个月,2组PSQI、PANAS正面情绪、PANAS负面情绪、HHI积极态度、HHI积极行动、HHI亲密关系得分差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后3个月、术后12个月2组患者PSQI得分、PANAS负面情绪得分均低于同组干预前(P＜0.05),PANAS正面情绪得分、HHI各维度得分高于同组干预前(P＜0.05);术后3个月,观察组PSQI、PANAS负面情绪得分均低于对照组(P＜0.05),而观察组PANAS正面情绪、HHI各维度得分均高于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组护理满意度高于对照组(96.67％vs 85.00％,P＜0.05);观察组不良事件率低于对照组(3.33％vs 16.67％,P＜0.05);观察组低密度脂蛋白控制达标率93.33％、运动时间控制达标率76.67％、BMI控制达标率61.67％分别高于对照组的80.00％、58.33％、43.33％(P＜0.05).结论 关键点控制原理的健康宣教有助于老年AMI患者PCI术后康复,可改善患者近期睡眠质量、负面情绪、希望水平,提高患者AMI高危因素控制达标率,具有一定的临床应用价值.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the effects of health education based on key point control principle on the rehabilita-tion of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and provide a treatment method for the disease.Methods 120 elderly AMI patients treated in People's Hospital of Bozhou City from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 60 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing health education,while the observation group received health education based on the key point control principle.The sleep quality[assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale(PSQI)],negative emotion[assessed by Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS)],hope level[assessed by the Chinese version of the Herth Hope Scale(HHI)]and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were observed and compared before intervention and 3 months and 12 months after PCI.The patients were followed up for 1 year after discharge,and the incidence of post-discharge adverse events and the control compliance rate of high-risk factors for AMI were observed and compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of PSQI,PANAS(positive emotion and negative emo-tion)and HHI(positive attitude,positive action and intimate relationship)between the two groups before and 12 months after PCI(P＞0.05).Three months after PCI,the scores of PSQI and PANAS negative emotion of the observation group were low-er than those of the control group(P＜0.05),while the scores of PAN AS positive emotion and HHI(positive attitude,posi-tive action and intimate relationship)of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(96.67％vs 85.00％,P＜0.05),and incidence of adverse events was lower than that of the control group(3.33％vs 16.67％,P＜0.05).The control compliance rates of low-density lipoprotein(93.33％),exercise time(76.67％),and BMI(61.67％)of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(80.00％,58.33％and43.33％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion Health education based on key point control principle is helpful for the rehabilitation of elderly AMI patients after PCI.It can improve the recent sleep quality,negative emotions and hope level of patients,and increase the control compliance rate of high-risk factors for AMI,which has certain clinical application value.