基于循证依据的老年口腔癌患者术后营养干预效果研究

An evidence-based study on the effect of postoperative nutritional intervention in elderly patients with oral cancer

中文关键词: 老年, 口腔癌, 手术, 营养干预, 生活质量, 胃肠道反应

英文关键词: elderly  oral cancer  surgery  nutrition intervention  quality of life  gastrointestinal reaction

中文摘要:

      目的 本研究通过分析基于循证依据的老年口腔癌患者术后营养干预效果,以期为临床患者的术后营养干预提供借鉴.方法 回顾性分析2023年1月-2024年6月在山西白求恩医院进行手术治疗的120例老年口腔癌患者的临床资料,依据患者术后不同的营养干预策略分为观察组(n=60)和对照组(n=60).对照组患者术后行常规营养干预,观察组应用基于循证依据的老年口腔癌患者术后营养干预方案.记录并比较2组干预前后血清血红蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白、白蛋白水平、体质量和肱三头肌皮褶厚度;采用头颈部肿瘤患者生命质量测评量表(FACT-H&N)评估并比较2组患者生活质量;记录并比较2组术后营养干预期间腹泻、呕吐、腹痛、恶心、腹胀等胃肠道反应发生情况.结果 干预后,2组血清血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均高于同组干预前,转铁蛋白水平低于同组干预前,且观察组血清血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平高于对照组,转铁蛋白水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).2组肱三头肌皮褶厚度大于同组干预前(P＜0.05),且观察组肱三头肌皮褶厚度大于对照组(P＜0.05).2组生理状况、功能状况、情感状况、社会/家庭状况及FACT-H&N评分均高于同组干预前(P＜0.05),且观察组上述评分高于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组患者腹痛、腹胀发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 基于循证的营养干预策略可改善老年口腔癌患者术后营养状态,提高患者的生活质量,降低胃肠道并发症,具有一定临床应用价值.

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the effects of postoperative nutritional intervention on elderly patients with oral cancer based on evidence,and provide reference for clinical postoperative nutritional interventions for patients.Methods The clinical data of 120 elderly patients with oral cancer undergoing surgical treatment in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different postoperative nutritional intervention strategies,they were divided into observation group(60 cases)and control group(60 cases).The control group received routine nutritional intervention af-ter surgery.The observation group applied an evidence-based postoperative nutritional intervention plan for elderly oral cancer patients.The levels of serum hemoglobin,prealbumin,transferrin and albumin,body weight and triceps skinfold thickness were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after intervention.The Quality of Life Assessment Scale for Pa-tients with Head and Neck Tumors(FACT-H&N)was used to evaluate and compare the quality of life of the two groups.The gastrointestinal reactions such as diarrhea,vomiting,abdominal pain,nausea and abdominal distension during postoperative nu-tritional intervention were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the levels of serum he-moglobin,albumin,and prealbumin of both groups were higher than those of the same group before intervention,while the lev-el of transferrin was lower than that of the same group before intervention,and the levels of serum hemoglobin,albumin,and prealbumin of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,while the level of transferrin was lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Tricep skin fold thickness in 2 groups was greater than before intervention(P＜0.05),and tricep skin fold thickness in observation group was greater than control group(P＜0.05).The scores of physiological status,functional status,emotional status,social/family status,and FACT-H&N scores of both groups were higher than those of the same group before intervention(P＜0.05),and the above scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of abdominal pain and distension in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The evidence-based nutrition inter-vention strategy can improve the nutritional status of elderly patients with oral cancer after surgery,improve their quality of life,and reduce gastrointestinal complications.It has certain clinical application value.