"拓延-建构"理论在老年喉癌手术患者围术期护理中的应用研究

Application of extension-construction theory in perioperative nursing of elderly patients with laryngeal cancer

中文关键词: 老年, 喉癌, "拓延-建构"理论, 感恩, 复发恐惧, 焦虑, 抑郁

英文关键词: elderly  laryngeal cancer  extension-construction theory  gratitude  fear of recurrence  anxiety  depression

中文摘要:

      目的 观察"拓延-建构"理论在老年喉癌手术患者围术期护理中的应用效果.方法 选取2022年8月-2024年3月空军军医大学第一附属医院收治的老年喉癌手术患者116例,按照随机数字表法分为常规组和观察组,每组58例.常规组予以围术期常规干预,观察组在常规组基础上实施基于"拓延-建构"理论的护理干预.比较2组患者干预前后负性情绪[采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估]、癌症复发恐惧(采用FoP-Q-SF评估)、自我管理能力[采用癌症自我管理效能感量表(SUPPH)评估]、营养状况[血清白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(Hb)、总蛋白(TP)水平]、并发症及护理满意度.结果 干预后,2组SAS、SDS、FoP-Q-SF评分均低于同组干预前(P＜0.05),观察组SAS、SDS、FoP-Q-SF评分均低于常规组(P＜0.05);2组SUPPH总分均高于同组干预前(P＜0.05),观察组SUPPH总分高于常规组(P＜0.05);2组Hb、ALB、TP水平均高于同组干预前(P＜0.05),观察组Hb、ALB、TP水平均高于常规组(P＜0.05);观察组术后并发症低于常规组(P＜0.05);观察组满意率高于常规组(P＜0.05).结论 基于"拓延-建构"理论的护理干预可显著改善老年喉癌患者围术期的焦虑、抑郁和癌症复发恐惧,提升其自我效能感,改善营养状况,具有一定的临床应用价值.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the application effects of extension-construction theory in the perioperative nursing of elderly patients with laryngeal cancer.Methods 116 elderly laryngeal cancer patients admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from August 2022 to March 2024 were selected and divided into conventional group and observation group according to random number table method,with 58 cases in each group.The conventional group received the conventional perioperative nursing,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on extension-construction theory on the basis of the conventional group.The negative emotions[Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depres-sion Scale(SDS)],fear of cancer recurrence[Fear of Progression Questionnaire Short Form(FoP-Q-SF)],self-management ability[Strategies Used by Patients to Promote Health(SUPPH)],nutritional status[serum albumin(ALB),hemoglobin(Hb),total protein(TP)],complications and nursing satisfaction of patients were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the scores of SAS,SDS and FoP-Q-SF in the two groups were lower than those in the same group before intervention(P＜0.05),and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the conventional group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the total scores of SUPPH in the two groups were higher than those in the same group before intervention(P＜0.05),and the score in the observation group was higher than that in the conventional group(P＜0.05).The levels of Hb,ALB and TP in both groups were higher than those in the same group before intervention(P＜0.05),and the levels in the observation group were higher than those in the conventional group(P＜0.05).The inci-dence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the conventional group(P＜0.05),while the satisfaction rate of patients was higher than that in the conventional group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nursing interventions based on the extension-construction theory can significantly improve the anxiety,depression and fear of cancer recurrence in elderly patients with laryngeal cancer during the perioperative period,enhance their self-efficacy and improve their nutritional status.It has certain clinical application value.