老年冠心病患者康复锻炼依从性影响因素的质性研究

A qualitative study on influencing factors of compliance with rehabilitation exercise in elderly patients with coronary heart disease

中文关键词: 老年, 冠心病, 康复锻炼, 依从性, 质性研究

英文关键词: elderly  coronary heart disease  rehabilitation exercise  compliance  qualitative study

中文摘要:

      目的 分析影响老年冠心病患者康复锻炼依从性的相关因素.方法 应用目的抽样法选取2024年1月-6月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院进行手术治疗的老年冠心病患者21例作为研究对象.开始访谈前,向患者阐述本研究的目的、意义以及操作方法等,在征得患者同意后开始访谈.访谈结束后,整理谈话内容,依据扎根理论,将原始的访谈资料形成三级编码.根据选择式、主轴式、开放式最终形成三级编码表.结果 通过提炼总结得到影响患者依从性的4个主题分别为个人特质、特定行为认知、外界支持系统和自我调节.女性、年龄较高、康复锻炼重要性认知不足、心理状态不佳、康复锻炼模式单一、运动自我效能较低、缺乏专业支持和家庭支持、不会自我调节等患者的康复锻炼依从性较差.结论 老年冠心病患者术后康复锻炼依从性差的影响因素较多,临床应提高患者对康复锻炼的意识,正视家庭支持的作用,完善康复锻炼的体系,增加患者获取专业指导的途径,进而构建适宜老年冠心病患者康复锻炼策略.

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the related factors affecting the compliance with rehabilitation exercise in elderly pa-tients with coronary heart disease.Methods According to purposive sampling method,21 elderly patients with coronary heart disease who underwent surgical treatment in Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January to June 2024 were selected as the research subjects.Before starting the interview,the purpose,significance and operation methods of this study were explained to the patients,and the interview began after obtaining the consent of the patients.After the inter-view,the content of the conversation was sorted out,and the original interview data was formed into a three-level code accord-ing to the rooted theory.According to the selection type,spindle type and open type,the three-level coding table is formed.Results Four themes that influenced patients'compliance were personal characteristics,cognition of specific behavior,exter-nal support system and self-regulation.Patients who were female,elderly,lack of recognition of the importance of rehabilita-tion exercise,had poor psychological status,a single rehabilitation exercise mode and lower exercise self-efficacy,were lack of professional and family support,and had no self-regulation had poor compliance with rehabilitation exercise.Conclusion There are many influencing factors for poor compliance with postoperative rehabilitation exercise in elderly patients with coronary heart disease.In clinical practice,it is necessary to improve patients'awareness of rehabilitation exercise,face up to the role of family support,improve the system of rehabilitation exercise,increase the channels for patients to obtain profession-al guidance,and then construct rehabilitation exercise strategies suitable for elderly patients with coronary heart disease.