老年综合评估早期筛查体系的构建及其在慢性疾病管理中的应用评估

Construction of an early screening system of geriatric comprehensive assessment and evaluation of its application in chronic disease management

中文关键词: 慢性疾病  老年综合评估  筛查  健康管理  应用效果

英文关键词: chronic disease  comprehensive geriatric assessment  screening  health management  application effect

中文摘要:

      目的 构建基于老年综合评估(CGA)的早期筛查体系,检验其在老年慢性疾病(慢病)管理中的实践效果.方法 2022年10月—2024年9月,选取120例复旦大学附属中山医院老年慢病患者,随机分为研究组(n=60)和对照组(n=60).对照组实施常规健康管理,辅以电话或门诊随访;研究组实施基于CGA筛查体系的健康管理.干预12个月后,比较2组的药物服用依从性、自我管理能力、营养状态和心脑血管不良事件.结果 与对照组相比,研究组评估时间较短[(7.13±2.47)min vi(47.25±8.53)min,P=0.002],药物服用依从性较高;自我管理能力评分、前白蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白、转铁蛋白和体质量指数干预前后的差值较大(P＜0.05).与对照组相比,研究组心脑血管不良事件较少,差异有统计学意义(33.33％vs 21.67％,P=0.037).结论 CGA早期筛查系统快速便捷,能一定程度提升老年慢病患者的自我管理能力,改善营养状态,降低心脑血管不良事件发生率.

英文摘要:

      Objective To construct an early screening system based on the comprehensive geriatric assessment(CGA)and evaluate its practical effectiveness in managing chronic diseases in the elderly.Methods From October 2022 to September 2024,120 elderly patients with chronic diseases treated in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University were enrolled and randomly divided into study group(n=60)and control group(n=60).The control group implemented conventional health management supplemented by telephone or outpatient follow-ups,while the study group implemented health management based on the CGA screening system.After 12 months of intervention,medication adherence,self-management ability,nutritional sta-tus,and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular adverse events were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the study group exhibited shorter assessment times[(7.13±2.47)min vs(47.25±8.53)min,P=0.002],higher medication adherence,greater improvements in self-management ability score,and greater different values in the levels of prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,transferrin and body mass index before and after intervention(P＜0.05).The study group also experienced fewer cardiovascular/cerebrovascular adverse events(21.67％vs33.33％,P=0.037).Conclusion The CGA early screening system is rapid and convenient.It can effectively enhance the self-management ability,improve nutritional status,and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular adverse events in elderly patients with chronic diseases.