老年2型糖尿病患者共病现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of comorbidities and influencing factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

中文关键词: 老年  糖尿病  共病  影响因素  预防措施

英文关键词: elderly  diabetes mellitus  comorbidity  influencing factor  preventive measure

中文摘要:

      目的 分析老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者共病现状及相关影响因素,以期为老年糖尿病患者的健康管理提供新思路.方法 回顾性选取2022年12月-2024年12月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院住院治疗的老年T2DM患者260例,分析患者共病率,记录患者临床资料,采用单因素和二元Logistic回归分析影响老年T2DM患者共病的相关因素.结果 纳入260例T2DM患者中有158例合并有其他慢性病,共病率为60.77％(158/260);其中合并1种其他慢性病95例,共病率为36.54％(95/260),合并2种及以上其他慢性病63例,共病率为24.23％(63/260).单一T2DM患者和T2DM共病患者性别、饮酒史、体质量指数(BMI)、家族史、居住方式、血清三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、C肽、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)指标值差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).单一 T2DM患者和T2DM共病患者年龄、糖尿病病程、吸烟史、子女探望频率、外出频率、血压水平、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血肌酐(Scr)、尿酸(UA)指标值差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).二元Logistic回归分析显示,高龄、长糖尿病病程、有吸烟史为老年T2DM患者共病的影响因素,高子女探望频率和高外出频率则为老年T2DM患者共病的保护因素(P＜0.05).结论 老年糖尿病患者的共病率较高,高龄、长糖尿病病程、有吸烟史可能为老年T2DM患者共病的影响因素,而高子女探望频率和高外出频率可能降低患者共病风险.

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the comorbidity status and related influencing factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and provide new ideas for health management of these patients.Methods A retrospective study included 260 elderly T2DM patients hospitalized in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from De-cember 2022 to December 2024.Their clinical data were recorded and the comorbidity rate was analyzed.Univariate and binary Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the related factors influencing comorbidities in these patients.Results Among 260 T2DM patients,158 ones had other chronic diseases,and the comorbidity rate was 60.77％(158/260).Among them,95 ones were combined with one other chronic disease,and the comorbidity rate was 36.54％(95/260);63 ones were combined with two or more other chronic diseases,and the comorbidity rate was 24.23％(63/260).No statistically significant differences were observed between patients with single T2DM and patients with other comorbidities in gender,drinking history,body mass index(BMI),family history,residence pattern,and the levels of serum triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),C-peptide and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)(P＞0.05).There were statistically sig-nificant differences between patients with single T2DM and patients with other comorbidities in age,duration of diabetes,smoking history,frequency of child visits,frequency of going out,blood pressure,levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),serum creatinine(Scr),and uric acid(UA)(P＜0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,long course of diabetes and smoking history were the influencing factors for the comorbidity in elderly T2DM patients,and high frequency of child visits and high frequency of going out were the protective factors for the comorbidi-ty(P＜0.05).Conclusion The comorbidity rate of elderly T2DM patients is relatively high.Advanced age,long duration of diabetes and history of smoking may be influencing factors for comorbidity in elderly T2DM patients,while high frequency of visits by children and high frequency of going out may reduce the risk of comorbidity.