以照护者为主体的精细化饮食管理方案在高龄吞咽障碍患者中的应用研究

A study on application of caregiver-centered refined dietary management protocol in elderly patients with dysphagia

中文关键词: 老年  吞咽障碍  高龄患者  照护者  精细化饮食管理  生活质量

英文关键词: elderly  dysphagia  elderly patient  caregiver  refined dietary management  quality of life

中文摘要:

      目的 本研究探讨照护者为主体的精细化饮食管理对高龄吞咽障碍患者的影响.方法 选取2022年12月-2023年11月上海市第一人民医院的80例高龄吞咽障碍患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例.对照组接受常规饮食宣教,观察组在与对照组相同处理的基础上加用精细化饮食管理,2组均干预3个月.比较2组患者吞咽障碍指数、生活质量、营养指标及经口摄食功能.结果 干预3个月后,观察组吞咽障碍指数显著低于对照组,而生活质量与营养指标均高于对照组(P＜0.05);2组经口摄食功能差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 以照护者为主体的精细化饮食管理结合与医护人员、康复师的共同管理,可有效提升高龄吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能、营养状况及生活质量.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the effects of caregiver-centered refined dietary management protocol in elderly pa-tients with dysphagia.Methods 80 elderly patients with dysphagia admitted to First People's Hospital of Shanghai City from December 2022 to November 2023 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received routine dietary education,while the observation group implemented a refined dietary management protocol in addition to routine dietary education.Both groups underwent 3-month interventions.The dysphagia in-dex,quality of life,nutritional indicators and oral feeding function were compared between the two groups.Results After 3 months of intervention,the dysphagia index of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,while the quality of life and nutritional indicators were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statisti-cally significant difference in oral feeding function between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The caregiver-centered refined dietary management combined with joint management by medical staff and rehabilitation therapists can effectively im-prove the swallowing function,nutritional status and quality of life of elderly patients with dysphagia.