老年维持性血液透析患者口腔衰弱现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of current status and influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients

中文关键词: 老年  维持性血液透析  口腔衰弱  影响因素  现况调查

英文关键词: elderly  maintenance hemodialysis  oral frailty  influencing factor  current status investigation

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨老年维持性血液透析(MHD)患者口腔衰弱现状,并对其影响因素进行分析.方法 回顾性选取2022 年4 月—2024 年4 月江苏省人民医院收治的115 例老年MHD患者的临床资料,根据是否发生口腔衰弱分为口腔衰弱组(n=47,40.87%)和非口腔衰弱组(n=68,59.13%).采用多因素Logistic回归方法分析筛选口腔衰弱的危险因素.结果 多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟、高血压、肌少症、家庭月收入、营养不良、抑郁情况以及认知障碍是老年MHD患者口腔衰弱的危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 老年MHD患者口腔衰弱发生率较高.临床应针对其吸烟、高血压、肌少症、低收入、营养不良、抑郁及认知障碍等危险因素,制定综合干预措施,并结合定期口腔健康教育与随访,以降低口腔衰弱的发生风险.

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the current status of oral frailty in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and analyze its influencing factors.Methods The clinical data of 115 elderly MHD patients admitted to Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from April 2022 to April 2024 were retrospectively selected.Patients were divided into oral frailty group and non-oral frailty group based on the presence or absence of oral frailty.Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for oral frailty.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking,hypertension,sarcopenia,low monthly family income,malnutrition,depression,and cognitive impairment were risk factors for oral frailty in elderly MHD patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of oral frailty is relatively high in elderly MHD patients.Clinical practice should develop comprehensive intervention measures targeting risk factors such as smoking,hypertension,sarcopenia,low monthly family income,malnutrition,depression,and cognitive impairment.These interventions should be combined with regular oral health education and follow-up to reduce the risk of oral frailty.