上海市松江区老年人主观幸福感影响因素研究

Study on influencing factors for subjective well-being among the elderly in Songjiang district,Shanghai

中文关键词: 主观幸福感    老年人    影响因素    松江区

英文关键词: subjective well-being  elderly  influencing factor  Songjiang district

中文摘要:

      目的 分析上海市松江区老年人主观幸福感现状及其影响因素，为提高老年人主观幸福感水平提供科学依据。方法 于2021年8月至10月向上海市松江区15个街镇≥65岁的老年人发放问卷，采用个人幸福指数量表进行主观幸福感调查。Logistic回归分析探讨主观幸福感的影响因素。结果 4 284名老年人完成完整的问卷调查，主观幸福感平均分为(76.9±14.7)分；不在婚状态(OR=0.842, 95%CI:0.710～0.997)、自评健康状况良(OR=0.363, 95%CI:0.318～0.415)、身体活动不活跃(OR=0.740, 95%CI:0.650～0.843)、基础性日常生活活动能力失能(OR=0.372, 95%CI:0.204～0.677)会降低老年人幸福感；文化程度为小学(OR=1.656, 95%CI:1.391～1.971)、文化程度为中学及以上(OR=1.321, 95%CI:1.107～1.575)、月收入为2 000～5 000元(OR=1.683, 95%CI:1.161～2.441)会提升老年人幸福感。结论 文化程度、经济收入、婚姻状态、自评健康状况、基础性日常生活活动能力、身体活动可能是老年人主观幸福感高低的影响因素，应对影响因素积极采取有针对性的干预措施，以提高辖区老年人主观幸福感。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the current status of subjective well-being(SWB)and its influencing factors among the elderly in Songjiang district,Shanghai,and provide a scientific basis for the improvement of SWB of the elderly.Methods From August to October 2021,questionnaires were distributed to elderly residents aged≥65 years in 15 subdistricts of Songjiang district,Shanghai.The Personal Happiness Index Scale(PWI)was used to assess SWB.Logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the factors influencing SWB.Results A total of 4 284 elderly individuals completed the questionnaire.Analysis of the results showed that their average SWB score was(76.9±14.7)points.Unmarried status(OR=0.842,95%CI:0.710-0.997),poor self-rated health(OR=0.363,95%CI:0.318-0.415),inactive physical activity(OR=0.740,95%CI:0.650-0.843),disability of basic activities of daily living(OR=0.372,95%CI:0.204-0.677)would reduce the SWB of the elderly.Primary school education level(OR=1.656,95%CI:1.391-1.971),secondary school and above education level(OR=1.321,95%CI:1.107-1.575),and monthly income of 2 000-5 000 yuan(OR=1.683,95%CI:1.161-2.441)would enhance the SWB of the elderly.Conclusion Educational level,economic income,marital status,self-rated health,basic activities of daily living,and physical activity may be influencing factors of SWB in the elderly.Targeted interventions should be implemented based on these factors to improve the SWB of elderly residents in the district.