上海市浦东新区某社区老年人生活方式对轻度认知障碍及其亚型的影响分析

Analysis of effects of lifestyle on mild cognitive impairment and its subtypes in elderly residents of a community in Pudong new district,Shanghai

中文关键词: 生活方式  影响因素  轻度认知障碍  老年人群  社区

英文关键词: life style  influencing factor  mild cognitive impairment  elderly population  community

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨社区老年人生活方式与轻度认知障碍(MCI)及其亚型遗忘型轻度认知障碍(aMCI)之间的相关性.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,于上海市浦东新区某社区抽取2 500 名60 岁及以上的老年人进行问卷调查.采用吸烟和饮酒的自我报告、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、不健康的植物性饮食指数(uPDI)和老年人体力活动量表评估生活方式.采用简易精神状态检查和华山版听觉词语学习测验评估 MCI 及 aMCI.运用二元 Logistic 回归分析生活方式与 MCI 及 aMCI 的相关性.结果 上海市浦东新区某社区的老年人 MCI 和 aMCI 的患病率分别为 13.96%和 11.84%.睡眠质量一般/差(MCI:OR=1.722,95%CI:1.184～2.504;aMCI:OR=1.701,95%CI:1.142～2.534)是 MCI 和 aMCI 的危险因素.中水平(MCI:OR=0.714,95%CI:0.529～0.962;aMCI:OR=0.663,95%CI:0.480～0.915)和高水平(MCI:OR=0.712,95%CI:0.521～0.972;aMCI:OR=0.674,95%CI:0.479～0.948)的体育锻炼、中水平的家务劳动(MCI:OR=0.665,95%CI:0.481～0.921;aMCI:OR=0.703,95%CI:0.498～0.993)是发生MCI 及aMCI 的保护因素.中水平的uPDI(OR=1.477,95%CI:1.066～2.047)仅是发生 aMCI 的危险因素.结论 生活方式与老年人群的认知功能密切相关,推行包括睡眠质量、饮食模式及体力活动的生活方式干预措施,改善老年人群的生活方式,可能有助于预防 MCI 及 aMCI,甚至痴呆的发展.

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the correlation between lifestyle and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and its subtype(amnesticMCI,aMCI)in elderly residents of a community.Methods Using random cluster sampling,a total of 2 500 adults aged 60 years or older from a community in Pudong New district,Shanghai,were selected for a questionnaire survey.Lifestyle was assessed via self-reported smoking and alcohol use,the Pittsburgh sleep quality index,the unhealthy plant-based diet index(uPDI),and the physical activity scale for the elderly.The mini-mental state examination and the auditory verbal learning test-Huashan version were used to identify MCI and aMCI.Binary Logistic regression was applied to analyze the correlation between lifestyle and MCI as well as aMCI.Results The prevalence of MCI and aMCI in the elderly residents of the community was 13.96%and 11.84%,respectively.Poor or fair sleep quality was a risk factor for both MCI(OR=1.722,95%CI:1.184-2.504)and aMCI(OR=1.701,95%CI:1.142-2.534).Moderate(MCI:OR=0.714,95%CI:0.529-0.962;aMCI:OR=0.663,95%CI:0.480-0.915)and high levels of physical exercise(MCI:OR=0.712,95%CI:0.521-0.972;aMCI:OR=0.674,95%CI:0.479-0.948),as well as moderate levels of housework(MCI:OR=0.665,95%CI:0.481-0.921;aMCI:OR=0.703,95%CI:0.498-0.993)were protective factors against MCI and aMCI.A moderate level of uPDI(OR=1.477,95%CI:1.066-2.047)was identified as a risk factor only for aMCI.Conclusion Lifestyle is closely associated with cognitive function in elderly population.Implementing lifestyle intervention measures including sleep quality,dietary patterns and physical activity to improve the lifestyle of the elderly population may help prevent the development of MCI and aMCI,as well as dementia.